The dome is built withut any supporting shuttering with small mud bricks laid in a mud mortar.
The basic dome shape used in the Egyptian building tradition is hemispherical. Horizontal, concentric courses of unstabilized mud bricks are laid first at a shallow angle and then more sharply inclined as one builds the concentric
rings higher and to wards the top. The distance from the centre of the dome and the angle of each brick is given to the builder by a wire or a radial arm which rotates around a central post . Bricks are placed side by side until a complete concentric circle of
The Woodless Construction vault - derived from Nubian vaults
Woodless Construction vaults are built without any supporting shuttering.
The basic vault form is very similar to that of an inverted catenary, the form taken by a chain suspended from its two ends, and thus, for the chain, a shape in pure tension. Since mud bricks are strong in compression and very weak in tension, it is important that the vault’s shape keeps the forces in compression. Inverting the form of the centenary provides this form, and the traditional Nubian vault respected this shape closely.
Until 1987, the introduction of vault and dome building techniques was undertaken in Niger in the context of various programmes linked to rural development and to the management and conservation of local resources. The primary objective was to build rather than to train. Ad hoc “training” on-the-job, meant builders of widely varying experience and qualifications working on the construction of one or more buildings.
DW’s main activities in Sahel and today principally in Burkina Faso have focussed on training and assistance to both men and women. The programme for training beginner builders to learn woodless construction is now in use by DW for over 15 years and follows a well tested curriculum, written in the Trainers Woodless Construction Training Guide. All training is done by local builders who have also been trzined by DW. The training divides the process into two parts.
Part one, lasting three weeks, combines discussion of the theory and principles of
